Improvement in coal-stoves



B'. F. RONEY Magazine Stove.

No. 33,367. Patented Sept. 24, 1861.

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UNITED STATES PATENT rricn.

BENJAMIN T. RONEY, OF BRISTOL, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN COAL-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 33,367, dated September24, 18611.

To a/ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that l, BENJAMIN T. RONEY, of Bristol, Bucks county,Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCoal-Stoves; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and t-o the letters of reference marked thereon.

My invention consists, first, of an arrangement (substantiallyasdeseribed hereinafter) of a cylindrical fire-pot, a grated fire-pot,and an internal casing, whereby the ignited products of combustion aredirected laterally through the bars of the said grated tire-pot;secondly, in an arrangement, described hereinafter, of an air-chamberwith certain open-V ings, the fire-pot, and ash-pit, whereby the air forsupporting combustion is thoroughly heated before it mingles with andignites the products of combustion generated from the partially-consumedfuel in the grated repot; thirdly, in certain slides for preventing theobscuring of the mica plates of the firechamber when the tire is kindledin the first instance.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to make and use myinvention, I will now proceed to describe its construction andoperation.

In reference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of thisspecification, Figure l is avertical section of my improved coal-stove;and Fig. 2, a sectional plan on the line l 2, Fig. l.

A is the exterior casing of the body of the stove; B, the inner casingserving as a reservoir for containing the fuel, and C the cap attachedto the upper ends of both exterior and inner casings, .fr being theoutlet for the passage of the products of combustion to the chimney.

D is the base of the stove, in which are three compartments--namely, theash-pit a, the air-chamber b, and nre-chamber CZ. The ash-pit a has infront an opening e for the admission of the usual drawer to receive theashes, and has any convenient number of lugs or projections f, on whichrests the annular plate E with its permanent bars g. Beneath the latteris a spindle F, passing through and turning in the opposite sides of thebase and furnished at one end with a suitable handle, the spindle havinga number of bars h of the peculiar form represented in the drawings, andeach bar moving between two of bthe permanent bars g of the annularplate E as the spindle is vibrated. As this grat-e forms the subject fora separate application for a patent, it will be unnecessary here toenter into a lengthy explanation of its construction and operation.

To the inner edge of the annular plate E is secured the lire-pot G,which consists of a hollow cast-iron cylinder, and the upper end ofwhich is connected to the exterior casing which forms the base D of thestove, by means of apartition H, the latter separating the air-chamber bfrom the fire-chamber d, and having a number of openings j. (Best0bserved on reference to the plan View, Fig. 2.) On this partition I-lrests an annular plate I, which has a number of openings coinciding innumber, size, and position with the openings j of the partition I-I, theplate being provided with a handle 71;, which projects through be but ashort distance below the lower edge of the internal casing B.

The {ire-chamber d is provided in front with a door m, which consists ofa frame contain` ing a plate of mica, and in the sides of thefire-chamber may be framed any convenient number of mica plates n; Onthe 'inside of the fire-chamber, and fitting close to the casing ofthesame, are slides p p, which are so arranged that they can be readilymoved away from the mica plate of the door and from those framed intothe side of the firechamber, or may be slid to such a position as tocover the said mica plates.

Near the lower edge of the interior casing B, and directly opposite tothe door m of the lire-chamber, are oblong openings for receiving theslide g, which is of such a width as to prevent thefuel in the casing Bfrom falling therefrom into the grated ,fire-pot M.

In preparing the stove for use in the first instance the internal casingB is filled with coal, which is prevented from falling into the uppergrated fire-pot by the slide q. A suitable cover (shown in red lines,Fig. l) is then fitted to the top of thefinternal casing, so as toprevent the air and products of combustion from passing through thestore of fuel in the said casing. Suitable kindling 111aterial beingdeposited on the grate of the firepot G and then ignited, the slide q ispartly withdrawnfrom the internal casing B, so as to allow the coal tofall in smallquantities until it becomesignited, when the slide q lnaybe entirely Withdrawn andV the coal allowed free access. to :the gratediire-pot. During this preliminary igniting of the fuel care shouldbe-taken to cover the mica plates of the door and sides of thehre-chamber by means of the slides p p, thereby preventing the smokefrom 4obscuring the plates and destroying their translucency. When thestove is in f ulloperation, the red-hot cinders and ashes are containedin the cylindricalfirepot GrV and the partially-consumed fuel in thegrated fire-pot M. The air for supporting combustion has to pass in thefirst instance through the openings if, which are situated at suitableintervals apart from each other and arranged round the air-chamber b.Impinging directly against the red-hot fire-pot Gr the air becomesheated before it passes into the ash-pit a. As it passes through thegrate and through they red-hot cinders it becomes still further heated,and by thetiine it reaches the grated fire-pot M is in the very bestcondition for thoroughly igniting the products of combustion as they aregenerated from the partly-consumed fuel in the said [ire-pot. In

lfact, the contact Vof the heated air with these products of combustioncauses the llatter to assume the forni of a brilliant flame, which,owing to the presence-of the body of coal in the central casing, will bepropelled laterally in the direct-ion pointed out by the arrows throughthe grating. of the fire-pot M, and owing to the position ofthisfire-pot in relation to the fire-chamber dthis flame will be visiblethroughthe mica plates of the door fm and sidesof t-he fire-chamber.

The peculiar position of the fire pot G in respect to the air-chamber band in air-openings t possesses two advantages. In the iirst place thefoul air of the apartment is carried off through the openings into theash-pit and is used as a means of supporting combustion,

while the rays of heat from the red-hot re-l pot will penetrate throughthe openings and add to the heat imparted to the room byother parts ofthe stove. The annular plate I, with its openings, serves a threefoldpurpose: Frst, by altering its position more or less air may be made topass through the partition H instead of downward into the ash-pit,thereby checking the draft of the stove at pleasure; secondly, it4serves as a medium for discharging into the ash-pit whatever fuel mayfall from the upper edge or from between the bars of the gratedfire-pot, and, thirdly, by moving the annular plate, so as to expose theopenings of the partition, the dust created bythe raking of the fire isallowed to pass upward through the body of the stove instead of beingdischarged into the apartment.

I vwish'it to be understood that I do not desire to claiin, broadly, theuse of an internal casing B, forming a reservoir for the fuehas acentral fuel-chamber has been heretofore used in connection with stoves;but v I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patenty l.The cylindrical fire pot G, the cylindrical and grated {ire-pot IWI, andthe internal casing or fuel-reservoir B, when the several parts arearranged inV respect to each other, sub stantially as set forth, for thepurpose of vdirecting the ignited products of' combustion laterallythrough thebars of the said grated fire-pot, asset forth.

2. The arrangement of the air-chamber b, its openings t, the fire-pot G,and ash-pit a, whereby the air is directed in the first instance againstthe said fire-pot, thence into the'ash-pit, and thence through thefuehfor the purpose described.

3. The slides p, applied to the interior ot' the lire-chamber d andarranged inv respect to the mica plates of the door and sides of saidchamber, in the manner and for the pur pose specified.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this speciication in thepresence of two subscribin g witnesses. B. T. RONEY. IVitnesses: l

HENRY HowsoN, JOHN WHITE.

